Managing menopausal and postmenopausal health is a key issue for all areas of healthcare, not just gynecology. Women should have access to accurate information, and be able to seek advice on how to optimize the management of their natural or induced menopause and the years beyond. Some people require additional attention, with involvement of specialist services. These include women with chronic disease, prema-ture ovarian insufficiency or early menopause or pre-existing disability, as well as transgender and gender-nonconforming people. Healthcare professionals should provide an evidence-based approach for assessment and management and refer to specialist services as required.
Introduction: The menopause, or the cessation of menstruation, is a stage of the life cycle which will occur in all women. Managing perimenopausal and postmenopausal health is a key issue for all areas of healthcare, not just gynecology.
Aim: To provide recommendations for the curriculum of education programs for healthcare professionals worldwide, so that all can receive high quality training on menopause.
Materials and methods: Literature review and consensus of expert opinion.
Summary recommendations: Training programs for healthcare professionals worldwide should include menopause and postmenopausal health in their curriculum. It should include assessment, diagnosis and evidence-based management strategies.
Women’s health is increasingly recognized as a global health priority [1]. The menopause, or the cessation of menstruation, is a stage of the life cycle which will occur in all women. The average age at menopause is 51 years. With increasing life expectancy many women will live for several decades after the menopause. However, the menopause can occur much earlier, either naturally, with no identifiable underlying cause [2], or as a consequence of disease, surgery, radiotherapy or chemotherapy. The resulting estrogen deficiency may lead to meno-pausal symptoms which, for some, can present considerable difficulties in their working lives, discrimination in the workplace and even un-employment [3]. In addition, the conditions associated with menopause and aging such as cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, dementia and cognitive decline present a considerable challenge to healthcare systems [4]. Thus, managing menopausal and postmenopausal health impacts in all areas of healthcare, not just gynecology.
In 2014, EMAS published guidance on the essential issues that medical students worldwide need to know about reproductive aging, menopause and postmenopausal health [5]. This 2022 curriculum takes into account the 2014 recommendations, new research and new treat-ment modalities, and is applicable for healthcare education at all levels, including undergraduate, postgraduate and specialist training.
Summary:
Managing menopausal and postmenopausal health is a key issue for all areas of healthcare, not just gynecology. Women should have access to accurate information, and be able to seek advice on how to optimize the management of their natural or induced menopause and the years beyond. Some people require additional attention, with involvement of specialist services. These include women with chronic disease, prema-ture ovarian insufficiency or early menopause or pre-existing disability, as well as transgender and gender-nonconforming people. Healthcare professionals should provide an evidence-based approach for assessment and management and refer to specialist services as required.